Note: UK daily newspaper and occasional publisher of fiction, founded by Stanley Lees Giffard on 21 May 1827 as The Standard, also published as the Evening Standard since 11 June 1859. The two newspapers have often been considered the same publication (having up to six editions daily) and have shared similar mastheads. The Standard was closed down in 1916 but re-opened under new owners in 1923. In 1980 it merged with the Evening News, the new paper being known as the New Standard until 1985 when it reverted to The Standard. In May 2009 the paper relaunched as the London Evening Standard.